In this approachable lesson, we will learn how to create a straightforward CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) application from scratch and go into the realm of Laravel, a PHP framework. The majority of online applications are built on the CRUD model, which makes it simple for users to interact with data. You’ll have a firm grasp of Laravel’s fundamental concepts by the end of this blog post and be able to easily develop your own CRUD application.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Before we dive into the tutorial, make sure you have the following set up on your local machine<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Assuming you have Laravel installed, open your terminal and create a new Laravel project using the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel\/laravel crud-app<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nThis will create a new Laravel project named “crud-app” in a folder with the same name. Move into the project directory using cd crud-app<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Step 2: Database Configuration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Next, configure your database credentials in the .env<\/code> file located at the root of your Laravel project. Update the following lines:<\/p>\n\n\n\nDB_CONNECTION=mysql\nDB_HOST=your_database_host\nDB_PORT=your_database_port\nDB_DATABASE=your_database_name\nDB_USERNAME=your_database_username\nDB_PASSWORD=your_database_password\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nStep 3: Creating the Database Table<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Let’s create a new migration to set up our database table. Run the following command in your terminal:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
php artisan make:migration create_items_table --create=items<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nThis will generate a new migration file in the database\/migrations<\/code> folder. Open the file and define the table schema. For instance, let’s create an “items” table with an “id,” “name,” “description,” and “price” columns:<\/p>\n\n\n\npublic function up()\n{\n Schema::create('items', function (Blueprint $table) {\n $table->id();\n $table->string('name');\n $table->text('description');\n $table->decimal('price', 8, 2);\n $table->timestamps();\n });\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nStep 4: Running the Migration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Run the migration to create the “items” table in the database:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
php artisan migrate<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nStep 5: Creating the Model<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Next, let’s create a model for our “Item” table. Run the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
php artisan make:model Item<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nThis will generate an “Item” model in the app<\/code> folder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Step 6: Building the Routes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
In Laravel, routes define how URLs should be handled. Open the routes\/web.php<\/code> file and add the following routes:<\/p>\n\n\n\nuse App\\Http\\Controllers\\ItemController;\n\nRoute::get('\/items', [ItemController::class, 'index'])->name('items.index');\nRoute::get('\/items\/create', [ItemController::class, 'create'])->name('items.create');\nRoute::post('\/items', [ItemController::class, 'store'])->name('items.store');\nRoute::get('\/items\/{item}', [ItemController::class, 'show'])->name('items.show');\nRoute::get('\/items\/{item}\/edit', [ItemController::class, 'edit'])->name('items.edit');\nRoute::put('\/items\/{item}', [ItemController::class, 'update'])->name('items.update');\nRoute::delete('\/items\/{item}', [ItemController::class, 'destroy'])->name('items.destroy');\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nStep 7: Creating the Controller<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Now, we need a controller to handle the logic for our CRUD operations. Run the following command to generate the controller:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
php artisan make:controller ItemController --resource<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nThis will create an ItemController<\/code> with the necessary CRUD methods.<\/p>\n\n\n\nStep 8: Implementing the CRUD Methods<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
In the ItemController<\/code> file (app\/Http\/Controllers\/ItemController.php<\/code>), implement the CRUD methods:<\/p>\n\n\n\nuse App\\Models\\Item;\nuse Illuminate\\Http\\Request;\n\npublic function index()\n{\n $items = Item::all();\n return view('items.index', compact('items'));\n}\n\npublic function create()\n{\n return view('items.create');\n}\n\npublic function store(Request $request)\n{\n Item::create($request->all());\n return redirect()->route('items.index')->with('success', 'Item created successfully!');\n}\n\npublic function show(Item $item)\n{\n return view('items.show', compact('item'));\n}\n\npublic function edit(Item $item)\n{\n return view('items.edit', compact('item'));\n}\n\npublic function update(Request $request, Item $item)\n{\n $item->update($request->all());\n return redirect()->route('items.index')->with('success', 'Item updated successfully!');\n}\n\npublic function destroy(Item $item)\n{\n $item->delete();\n return redirect()->route('items.index')->with('success', 'Item deleted successfully!');\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nStep 9: Creating the Views<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Create a view in the resources ‘app.blade.php’<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\">\n <title>My Laravel App<\/title>\n\n <!-- Add your CSS stylesheets here, for example: -->\n <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com\/bootstrap\/4.5.2\/css\/bootstrap.min.css\">\n\n <!-- Add your custom CSS file if you have one -->\n <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"{{ asset('css\/custom.css') }}\">\n<\/head>\n<body>\n <nav class=\"navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark\">\n <div class=\"container\">\n <a class=\"navbar-brand\" href=\"{{ route('items.index') }}\">My Laravel App<\/a>\n <button class=\"navbar-toggler\" type=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#navbarNav\" aria-controls=\"navbarNav\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-label=\"Toggle navigation\">\n <span class=\"navbar-toggler-icon\"><\/span>\n <\/button>\n <div class=\"collapse navbar-collapse\" id=\"navbarNav\">\n <ul class=\"navbar-nav ml-auto\">\n <li class=\"nav-item\">\n <a class=\"nav-link\" href=\"{{ route('items.index') }}\">All Items<\/a>\n <\/li>\n <li class=\"nav-item\">\n <a class=\"nav-link\" href=\"{{ route('items.create') }}\">Add Item<\/a>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/nav>\n\n <div class=\"container mt-4\">\n @yield('content')\n <\/div>\n\n <!-- Add your JavaScript libraries here, for example: -->\n <script src=\"https:\/\/code.jquery.com\/jquery-3.5.1.slim.min.js\"><\/script>\n <script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.jsdelivr.net\/npm\/@popperjs\/core@2.9.1\/dist\/umd\/popper.min.js\"><\/script>\n <script src=\"https:\/\/stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com\/bootstrap\/4.5.2\/js\/bootstrap.min.js\"><\/script>\n\n <!-- Add your custom JS file if you have one -->\n <script src=\"{{ asset('js\/custom.js') }}\"><\/script>\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nresources\/views\/items\/index.blade.php<\/code> (Display all items):<\/p>\n\n\n\n@extends('layouts.app')\n\n@section('content')\n <div class=\"container\">\n <h1>All Items<\/h1>\n <table class=\"table\">\n <thead>\n <tr>\n <th>ID<\/th>\n <th>Name<\/th>\n <th>Description<\/th>\n <th>Price<\/th>\n <th>Action<\/th>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n @foreach($items as $item)\n <tr>\n <td>{{ $item->id }}<\/td>\n <td>{{ $item->name }}<\/td>\n <td>{{ $item->description }}<\/td>\n <td>{{ $item->price }}<\/td>\n <td>\n <a href=\"{{ route('items.show', $item->id) }}\" class=\"btn btn-primary\">View<\/a>\n <a href=\"{{ route('items.edit', $item->id) }}\" class=\"btn btn-info\">Edit<\/a>\n <form action=\"{{ route('items.destroy', $item->id) }}\" method=\"POST\" style=\"display: inline-block;\">\n @csrf\n @method('DELETE')\n <button type=\"submit\" class=\"btn btn-danger\" onclick=\"return confirm('Are you sure?')\">Delete<\/button>\n <\/form>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n @endforeach\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n@endsection\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nresources\/views\/items\/create.blade.php<\/code> (Form to create a new item):<\/p>\n\n\n\n@extends('layouts.app')\n\n@section('content')\n <div class=\"container\">\n <h1>Create New Item<\/h1>\n <form action=\"{{ route('items.store') }}\" method=\"POST\">\n @csrf\n <div class=\"form-group\">\n <label for=\"name\">Name<\/label>\n <input type=\"text\" name=\"name\" id=\"name\" class=\"form-control\" required>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"form-group\">\n <label for=\"description\">Description<\/label>\n <textarea name=\"description\" id=\"description\" class=\"form-control\" rows=\"3\" required><\/textarea>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"form-group\">\n <label for=\"price\">Price<\/label>\n <input type=\"number\" name=\"price\" id=\"price\" class=\"form-control\" required>\n <\/div>\n <button type=\"submit\" class=\"btn btn-primary\">Create<\/button>\n <\/form>\n <\/div>\n@endsection\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nresources\/views\/items\/show.blade.php<\/code> (Show details of a single item):<\/p>\n\n\n\n@extends('layouts.app')\n\n@section('content')\n <div class=\"container\">\n <h1>Item Details<\/h1>\n <p><strong>ID:<\/strong> {{ $item->id }}<\/p>\n <p><strong>Name:<\/strong> {{ $item->name }}<\/p>\n <p><strong>Description:<\/strong> {{ $item->description }}<\/p>\n <p><strong>Price:<\/strong> {{ $item->price }}<\/p>\n <a href=\"{{ route('items.edit', $item->id) }}\" class=\"btn btn-info\">Edit<\/a>\n <form action=\"{{ route('items.destroy', $item->id) }}\" method=\"POST\" style=\"display: inline-block;\">\n @csrf\n @method('DELETE')\n <button type=\"submit\" class=\"btn btn-danger\" onclick=\"return confirm('Are you sure?')\">Delete<\/button>\n <\/form>\n <\/div>\n@endsection\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nresources\/views\/items\/edit.blade.php<\/code> (Edit an existing item):<\/p>\n\n\n\n@extends('layouts.app')\n\n@section('content')\n <div class=\"container\">\n <h1>Edit Item<\/h1>\n <form action=\"{{ route('items.update', $item->id) }}\" method=\"POST\">\n @csrf\n @method('PUT')\n <div class=\"form-group\">\n <label for=\"name\">Name<\/label>\n <input type=\"text\" name=\"name\" id=\"name\" class=\"form-control\" value=\"{{ $item->name }}\" required>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"form-group\">\n <label for=\"description\">Description<\/label>\n <textarea name=\"description\" id=\"description\" class=\"form-control\" rows=\"3\" required>{{ $item->description }}<\/textarea>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"form-group\">\n <label for=\"price\">Price<\/label>\n <input type=\"number\" name=\"price\" id=\"price\" class=\"form-control\" value=\"{{ $item->price }}\" required>\n <\/div>\n <button type=\"submit\" class=\"btn btn-primary\">Update<\/button>\n <\/form>\n <\/div>\n@endsection\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nConclusion:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Congratulations! You’ve successfully built a basic CRUD application using Laravel. You’ve learned how to set up the database, create migrations, models, controllers, and views to perform CRUD operations. With this foundation, you can continue exploring Laravel’s vast capabilities and build more complex web applications. Happy coding!<\/strong> \ud83d\ude0a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"